Located in southeast Turkey, Adiyaman lies in the central region of the Firat (Euphrates) river. Archaeological research reveals that humans have inhabited this area since 9,000 BC. During the Neolithic Age, Adiyaman was home to four cultural centers, including Gritille, which flourished for four millennia until its abandonment in 8000 BC. The other cultural centers were Hayaz, Ancoz, and Samsat.
Throughout history, Adiyaman has hosted various civilizations, including the Hittites, Mittanis, Urartus, Assyrians, Medians, Persians, Alexander the Great, and Kommagene. During the Byzantine Empire, Adiyaman was known as "Hisn-i Mansur." It was later ruled by Seljuk Turks, Crusaders, Ilkhanid Mongols, Mamelukes, and eventually conquered by the Ottoman Empire during Selim's reign.
Adiyaman is a treasure trove of historical structures dating back to the Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, Islamic, and Turkish eras. These structures have been preserved and are now displayed at the Adiyaman Museum, which was established in 1978 after extensive salvage work. The museum features artifacts from excavations and coins from the Roman empire and Seljuk period.