Ephesus Ancient City Ephesus, located in modern-day Turkey, is an ancient area of historical significance. Once a prominent Greek city and a bustling trading hub, Ephesus survived numerous attacks and changed hands many times due to its strategic importance as an economic center. The region has a rich history dating back to the Neolithic period. Settlements were established in the area, and the sanctuary of the Ephesian Artemis, an Anatolian mother goddess, was built around 2000 BCE. Over time, it became one of the largest and most powerful temples in the ancient world, standing strong even in the 1st century AD. As more Ionian cities developed, they joined forces with Ephesus to form a confederate government. Later, in the 4th century BCE, Lysimachus, one of Alexander the Great's twelve generals, established a new city called Ephesus while leaving the original city, which was centered around Artemis' temple. When Rome incorporated Asia Minor as a province in 133 BCE, Ephesus was designated as its capital, further solidifying its importance in the region. Despite the many changes and challenges it faced throughout its long history, Ephesus remains an enduring symbol of ancient civilization and a testament to human perseverance. Archaeological excavations and conservation efforts have uncovered impressive structures from the Roman Imperial era along the old processional route in Ephesus. These include the Library of Celsus and terrace houses, which provide a glimpse into the grandeur of the past. Sadly, little remains of the once-magnificent Temple of Artemis, which was a major attraction for pilgrims from across the Mediterranean. The temple's popularity waned with the rise of Christian pilgrimage to Mary's Church in the 5th century CE. Despite the city's decline, people continue to visit Ephesus on pilgrimage to this day. The Mosque of Isa Bey and the medieval settlement on Ayasuluk Hill signify the arrival of the Selçuk and Ottoman Turks, adding to the rich cultural history of the region. Despite the many changes and transitions Ephesus has experienced over the centuries, it remains a significant archaeological site and a place of deep spiritual importance to many people. The list of the places that you can visit when you are visiting Ephesus ancient city is as : Magnesian Gate, East Gymnasium, Early Christian Basilica, St Luke’s Grave, Bath Of Varius Ephesus, State Agora, Temple Of Isis, Basilica, Hydrekdocheion, Hellenistic City Wall, Odeon, Temenos, Prytaneion, Domitian Square, Temple Of Domitian, Fountain Of Pollio, Hercules Gate, Memmius Monument, Curetes Street, Fountain Of Trajan, Terrace Houses, Scholastica Baths, Temple Of Hadrian, Latrines, Octagon, Brothel, Hadrian’s Gate, Heroon, Celsus Library, Gate Of Mazeus, Temple Of Serapis, Commercial Agora, Marble Road, Ephesus Theatre, Theatre Gymnasium, Arcadian Street, Harbour Baths, Harbour Gymnasium, The Double Churches, Ephesus Stadium and Vedius Gymnasium. As you can see the abundance of places to visit in Ephesus above, you will need at least 3 hours to visit Ephesus Ancient City. With so much to see, it's recommended that visitors plan to spend at least three hours exploring the ancient city. In 2015, Ephesus Ancient City was added to the prestigious UNESCO World Heritage List, highlighting its cultural and historical significance.