Akdamar Island Church The Church of the Holy Cross, also known as Akdamar Church, is situated on Akdamar Island in Lake Van, located in Gevaş District of Van province. Among the four picturesque islands on the lake, Akhtamar is considered to be one of the most stunning and historically important. The Armenian architect Bishop Manuel constructed Akdamar Church between 915 and 921 AD, under the supervision of Gagik I Ardzruni, the Armenian King who ruled over the Kingdom of Vaspurakan. The 10th-century chronicle written by Thomas Ardzruni provides the first information about the church's construction. Notably, the markings inscribed on the west façade read "915 AD", which coincides with the construction date. Reflecting the religious diversity of Vaspurakan Kingdoms and their relationships during the 10th century through its architecture and decorations, Akdamar Church holds significant historical importance in the world. The Akdamar Church, situated on Akdamar Island in Lake Van, boasts an array of unique features that distinguish it from other Armenian churches. Notably, the church is adorned with ornate figural reliefs that encircle the interior in bands and decorate the lower walls with sculpture-like figures. These friezes were added by Armenian architect Bishop Manuel, who sought to fuse sacred and profane images in a new royal iconography that would enhance the political legitimacy of the Kingdom of Vaspurakan. Among the reliefs are depictions of stories from the Old Testament, as well as a variety of creatures. Although the church contains some frescoes, they are not in the best condition. It is worth noting that the frescoes' depiction of Jesus is quite distinct from those found in other Turkish churches. Once a significant Armenian church, the Turkish government has since restored Akdamar Church, making it one of the most remarkable examples of Armenian architecture in Turkey. While the church is no longer open for rituals, visitors may obtain special permissions to enter and pray. Given its exceptional features, the Akdamar Church was added to UNESCO's Tentative List in 2015.