The Dawn of Settled Life

Aşıklı Höyük – 10,000 Years of History

Explore the oldest known village in Central Anatolia,
where the secrets of early medicine and agriculture began.

Journey to the Neolithic

Where Village Life Began

Aşıklı Höyük is a remarkable archaeological site located on the banks of the Melendiz River in Aksaray. Dating back to 8,200 BC, it predates most of the world's known civilizations and provides a unique window into the transition from hunting-gathering to a settled, agricultural lifestyle in Cappadocia.

The site is world-famous among scientists for providing evidence of the first recorded brain surgery (trepanation) in human history, performed on a young woman’s skull nearly 10,000 years ago. This discovery highlights the incredible level of medical knowledge possessed by these early Anatolians.

Today, visitors can walk through replica experimental houses built exactly as they were millennia ago—made of mud-brick with entry through the roof. This immersive experience allows you to feel the true scale and atmosphere of humanity's first steps toward city life.

First Brain Surgery

See the replica of the skull that proved Neolithic people practiced successful skull surgery.

Experimental Houses

Walk inside reconstructed mud-brick dwellings to experience life 10,000 years ago.

Obsidian Workshops

Discover how locals used volcanic glass from nearby Mount Hasan to create advanced tools.

Domestication Secrets

Evidence here shows some of the earliest examples of sheep and goat domestication in history.

Plan Your Visit

Aşıklı Höyük – Quick Facts

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Location

Located in Kızılkaya village, 25km southeast of Aksaray, near the Ihlara Valley.

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Age

Approximately 10,000 years old (Aceramic Neolithic Period).

Visit Duration

1 hour to explore the replica village and the main excavation mound.

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Main Experience

Immersive Neolithic history, experimental archaeology, and river views.


Ten Millennia of Evolution

A Pioneer of Anatolian Civilization

The people of Aşıklı Höyük chose their location wisely. The Melendiz River provided water and fertile soil, while the nearby volcanic peaks supplied obsidian, the "black gold" of the Stone Age. For over 1,000 years, generation after generation built their houses in the same spot, creating the 15-meter-high mound we see today.

Their society was egalitarian and highly organized. Houses were built tightly together, with no streets; people moved across the flat roofs and entered their homes through holes in the ceiling. This design provided natural insulation and protection from both weather and wild animals.

The site is an "Aceramic" settlement, meaning it existed before the invention of pottery. Instead, they used baskets and stone vessels. The discovery of charred grains and animal bones shows they were among the first humans to master cereal cultivation and animal husbandry, setting the stage for the Great Neolithic Revolution.

Visitor Information

Aşıklı Höyük is a managed archaeological site with excellent visitor facilities, including a welcome center and a sheltered walkway over the active excavation area.

Entrance

There is a small entrance fee. The site is open daily during daylight hours.

How to Get There

It is very close to the entrance of Ihlara Valley. It’s the perfect first stop on a "Green Tour" or a private Aksaray day trip.

Experimental Area

Before climbing the mound, spend time in the replica houses. They offer the best photography opportunities and a hands-on feel for the history.

Weather Tip

The site is mostly open-air. In summer, visit in the early morning as the mound can get quite hot and has limited shade.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Aşıklı Höyük related to Çatalhöyük?

Yes, it is considered a predecessor to the famous Çatalhöyük. Aşıklı is about 1,000 years older and shows the earlier stages of the village lifestyle seen later in Konya.

Can I see the original skull with the surgery?

The original skull is kept at the Aksaray Museum for preservation, but there are detailed replicas and information panels at the site.

Is it worth visiting with kids?

Absolutely. The replica village is like a living museum where children can walk through the small doors and imagine life as a Neolithic person.


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