A Major City of Ancient Lycia
Olympos History & Significance
Discover the layered story of a Lycian port shaped by trade, piracy, Roman power, Christianity and the Mediterranean landscape.
The exact foundation date of Olympos Ancient City is uncertain, but its name appears on
Lycian League coins from the second century BC. Olympos became one of the federation’s six most influential
cities and was granted three votes, reflecting its political and commercial importance.
Its position beside a sheltered river mouth helped Olympos develop as an important port on the southern coast
of Lycia. The city was built on both banks of the river, with the two sides once connected by a bridge whose
remains can still be seen. Its wooded valley and direct access to the sea gave it both economic advantages
and natural protection.
During the first century BC, the surrounding coast became associated with piracy. Olympos was used by the
pirate leader Zeniketes before Roman military campaigns brought the region under control.
The city later entered a more prosperous period under Roman rule, when many of the monumental structures
visible today were built or renewed.
Olympos remained important during the early Christian and Byzantine periods. It became a bishopric connected
with Myra, and several churches, basilicas and religious complexes were constructed within the city.
Saint Methodius, one of the earliest recorded bishops of Olympos, became an important figure in early Christian history.
In the later medieval period, parts of the ancient settlement were fortified and reused. The city was gradually
abandoned, allowing the forest to grow around its monuments. This mixture of archaeology and untamed vegetation
is now one of the qualities that makes Olympos so atmospheric.