A Protected Abaza Flavour of Sakarya

Sakarya Abaza Acıkası – Complete Food & Travel Guide

Discover Sakarya Abaza Acıkası,
a creamy pepper, garlic, herb and walnut spread rooted in Abaza culinary tradition.

Discover Sakarya Abaza Acıkası

Discover Sakarya Abaza Acıkası – A Protected Caucasian Flavour of Sakarya

Sakarya Abaza Acıkası is one of Sakarya Province’s most distinctive protected foods: a smooth, spreadable pepper preparation made with cooked red peppers, garlic, rock salt, coriander seed, thyme and basil. In the breakfast version, finely ground walnuts add richness and body, while the cooking version is prepared without walnuts.

Its character comes from more than a list of ingredients. The peppers are boiled until their skins loosen, peeled, drained, chilled overnight and then reduced to a low-flowing purée. Traditionally, the pepper can be crushed between food-safe stones known locally as ahaka and apıhnıga, preserving a preparation method associated with Abaza food culture in Sakarya.

Sakarya Abaza Acıkası is officially protected in Türkiye as a Mahreç İşareti geographical indication. It carries registration number 1544, dated 20 February 2024, and its protected geographical boundary is the whole of Sakarya Province.

The sauce is closely connected with winter preparation traditions. Its creamy consistency makes the breakfast version easy to spread on bread, while the walnut-free cooking version can be used as an aromatic pepper base in meals. Depending on the colour of the peppers, the finished acıka may range from vivid red to warm orange-red.

This complete guide explores the product’s Abaza cultural background, geographical indication, ingredients, breakfast and cooking versions, traditional stone tools, preparation method, texture, flavour, storage, serving ideas, buying tips, photography suggestions and places to combine with a food-focused journey through Sakarya.

GI No. 1544

Sakarya Abaza Acıkası was registered as a geographical indication in 2024.

Two Traditional Versions

The breakfast version contains finely ground walnuts; the cooking version does not.

Traditional Stone Grinding

Peppers may traditionally be crushed with the stones known as ahaka and apıhnıga.

Abaza Culinary Heritage

The protected sauce is part of Sakarya’s living Caucasian food culture and winter-preparation tradition.

Know Before You Taste

Sakarya Abaza Acıkası – Quick Facts

Essential information about Sakarya’s protected Abaza pepper spread.

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Protected Area

Sakarya Province, Türkiye.

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Food Type

A creamy pepper-based sauce, spread and flavouring preparation.

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Traditional Uses

Produced in both breakfast-style and cooking-style versions.

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Geographical Indication

Mahreç İşareti registration number 1544.


A Caucasian Food Tradition in Sakarya

The Story of Sakarya Abaza Acıkası

A jar of acıka carries the memory of migration, family kitchens and winter preparation.

Sakarya has long been one of Türkiye’s important centres of Caucasian cultural life. Abaza and Abkhaz communities established villages and family networks across the province, bringing with them culinary traditions based on hospitality, shared tables, preserved foods, dairy products, grains, herbs, peppers and walnuts.

Sakarya Abaza Acıkası belongs to this cultural landscape. The official geographical-indication specification describes it as a product with a deep-rooted history in Sakarya and an important place in the province’s food traditions. It is particularly associated with the seasonal custom of preparing foods for winter.

Acıka is practical as well as flavourful. Cooked peppers are transformed into a dense purée and combined with garlic, coriander seed, thyme, basil and rock salt. For the breakfast version, finely ground walnuts make the mixture richer, smoother and more substantial.

The preparation method also preserves evidence of an older kitchen technology. Before modern mincing machines became common, cooked peppers could be crushed between special food-safe stones. In Sakarya’s traditional terminology, the lower stone is called ahaka, while the hand-held stone is known as apıhnıga.

Geographical-indication protection formalised this local reputation. Today the registered name identifies a Sakarya product whose specified production stages take place within the province and whose recipe, processing sequence and cultural connection are defined by the protected specification.

How to Recognise It

Characteristics of Sakarya Abaza Acıkası

The protected acıka is defined by its pepper-rich colour, creamy consistency, aromatic spices and traditional preparation.

Creamy & Spreadable

The finished acıka has a thick, low-flowing consistency suitable for spreading on bread.

  • Texture: Creamy and homogeneous
  • Body: Thick rather than watery
  • Use: Easy to spread or spoon

Red to Orange-Red

The exact colour depends on the peppers used in the preparation.

  • Main colour: Red
  • Possible range: Red to orange
  • Base ingredient: Salçalık pepper

Garlic & Herb Aroma

Garlic, coriander seed, thyme and basil create the sauce’s characteristic savoury fragrance.

  • Garlic: Pronounced savoury note
  • Coriander: Warm aromatic spice
  • Herbs: Thyme and basil

Walnut Breakfast Version

Finely ground walnut kernels are mixed into the breakfast-style preparation.

  • Walnuts: Used in breakfast acıka
  • Effect: Richer body and flavour
  • Serving: Especially suitable for bread

Walnut-Free Cooking Version

The protected cooking-style version is prepared without walnut kernels.

  • Walnuts: Not used
  • Salt: Slightly lower official quantity
  • Use: Flavouring and meal preparation

Winter Preparation Tradition

Acıka belongs to the long-established practice of preparing flavourful foods for colder months.

  • Tradition: Seasonal pantry preparation
  • Packaging: Glass jars
  • Storage: Refrigerated

Sakarya Abaza Acıkası Geographical Indication

Sakarya Abaza Acıkası is officially registered by the Turkish Patent and Trademark Office as a geographical indication protecting its name, production method, local reputation and connection with Sakarya Province.

Registered Name

The official protected name is Sakarya Abaza Acıkası.

Registration Number

The product carries geographical-indication registration number 1544.

Registration Date

The registration date is 20 February 2024.

Application Date

The application was filed on 24 January 2022.

File Number

The official application file number is C2022/000029.

GI Type

It is registered as a Mahreç İşareti.

Registration Holder

The registration holder is the Sakarya Chamber of Commerce and Industry.

Geographical Boundary

The protected geographical boundary is Sakarya Province.


The Mahreç İşareti status reflects the sauce’s established reputation and traditional relationship with Sakarya. According to the protected specification, the production stages required for the registered Sakarya Abaza Acıkası take place within the defined geographical boundary.

What Is Sakarya Abaza Acıkası?

Sakarya Abaza Acıkası is a cooked-pepper, garlic and herb sauce made by boiling salçalık peppers, peeling and draining them, resting them cold overnight, turning them into a dense purée and mixing them with rock salt, garlic, ground coriander seed, basil and thyme. The breakfast version additionally contains finely ground walnut kernels.

Pepper-Based

Cooked salçalık peppers form the main body and determine much of the colour and sweetness.

Not a Raw Pepper Dip

The peppers are thoroughly cooked, peeled and drained before they are crushed into a purée.

Not Ordinary Pepper Paste

Garlic, coriander, basil, thyme and optional walnut give acıka a more complex flavour than plain pepper paste.

Spread or Seasoning

It can be produced for direct breakfast service or as a walnut-free cooking ingredient.

Traditional & Modern Methods

Peppers may be minced mechanically or crushed using the traditional paired stones.

Sakarya Identity

The protected name refers to the product produced according to the registered Sakarya method.

Abaza Culinary Heritage in Sakarya

Sakarya’s cuisine reflects many cultural layers, and Caucasian communities are among the most important. Abaza food traditions developed within family kitchens and village communities where shared meals, hospitality and the preparation of foods for winter remained central parts of social life.

Family Kitchens

Recipes survive through practical knowledge passed between generations rather than through written recipes alone.

Winter Preparation

Acıka fits naturally into the seasonal practice of filling jars and preparing flavour-rich foods for colder months.

Shared Tables

Breakfast spreads, breads, cheeses and savoury accompaniments create a communal style of eating.

Caucasian Food Culture

Walnuts, herbs, garlic, grains and dairy products appear across many traditional Caucasian preparations.

Living Heritage

The recipe continues to be produced rather than surviving only as a historical reference.

Protected Reputation

Geographical-indication registration recognises the product’s strong connection with Sakarya’s culinary heritage.

Ingredients Used in Sakarya Abaza Acıkası

The registered formula uses a relatively short list of ingredients. The difference between the two protected versions is especially important: breakfast acıka includes finely ground walnuts, while cooking acıka does not.

Salçalık Pepper

The official formula uses 1 kg of salçalık pepper as the principal ingredient.

Rock Salt

The breakfast formula uses about 100 g; the cooking version uses about 80 g.

Garlic

Approximately 80–85 g of garlic provides the sauce’s strong savoury character.

Ground Coriander Seed

About 30 g is included in both protected versions.

Basil & Thyme

Approximately 30 g basil and 30 g thyme are used in each version.

Finely Ground Walnut

The breakfast version includes about 150 g walnut kernels; the cooking version contains none.

Two Versions of Sakarya Abaza Acıkası

One of the most useful details for visitors is that the registered product is not limited to a single serving style. The official specification defines a breakfast version and a cooking version.

Breakfast Acıka

Includes finely ground walnut kernels, giving the mixture extra richness and a fuller, nutty texture.

Cooking Acıka

Prepared without walnut, allowing the pepper, garlic and herbs to function more directly as a meal-seasoning base.

Breakfast Salt Level

The protected formula lists approximately 100 g of finely crushed rock salt.

Cooking Salt Level

The protected formula lists approximately 80 g of finely crushed rock salt.

Same Core Aromatics

Both versions use garlic, ground coriander seed, basil and thyme.

Ask Before Buying

If you want a spread for breakfast, confirm that you are buying the walnut-containing breakfast version.

Ahaka & Apıhnıga – Traditional Acıka Grinding Stones

One of the most fascinating details in the protected specification is the survival of names for the traditional tools used to crush the cooked peppers. Instead of a modern mincing machine, prepared peppers may be worked manually between two food-safe stones.

Ahaka

The ahaka is the lower stone on which the peppers are crushed.

Apıhnıga

The apıhnıga is the oval stone held in the hand and moved over the peppers.

Hand-Held Weight

The official description places the apıhnıga at approximately 400–600 g.

Large Lower Stone

The ahaka is described as a hard stone around 50–60 cm long and 45–50 cm wide.

Slow Grinding

Traditional stone crushing may take approximately 100–120 minutes.

Desired Result

The goal is a smooth, homogeneous pepper purée with low fluidity rather than a watery sauce.

How Sakarya Abaza Acıkası Is Made

The registered production method begins with careful preparation of salçalık peppers. Cooking, peeling, draining and an overnight cold rest create the base texture before any spices are added.

1. Wash the Peppers The peppers are thoroughly cleaned before the seeds are removed.
2. Remove the Seeds The inner seeds are separated so the final purée can remain smooth and consistent.
3. Add Water & Begin Heating The prepared peppers are placed in a vessel with water and brought to the specified cooking stage.
4. Cook Until the Skins Loosen After boiling begins, cooking continues for approximately 80–90 minutes until the skins can be removed easily.
5. Rest at Room Temperature After cooking, the peppers are left for approximately one hour before further handling.
6. Peel the Peppers The softened peppers are removed from the water and their skins are carefully taken off.
7. Drain for 10–15 Minutes The peeled peppers rest in a strainer to remove excess cooking liquid.
8. Chill Overnight The boiled peppers are kept at approximately 4–6°C for one night before grinding.

Grinding, Seasoning & Mixing Sakarya Abaza Acıkası

The second stage creates the sauce’s recognisable texture and flavour. The chilled peppers are turned into purée, while garlic is separately softened, peeled and pounded before the aromatics are mixed together.

Purée the Chilled Peppers The peppers are minced mechanically or crushed with traditional stones until a homogeneous, low-flowing purée forms.
Prepare the Garlic Approximately 20–25 ml water is added to the garlic and left for about five minutes to help with peeling.
Pound Garlic with Salt About 5–7 g of the measured rock salt is added while the peeled garlic is crushed thoroughly.
Add Ground Coriander Ground coriander seed contributes a warm, aromatic spice note.
Add Basil & Thyme The herbs are mixed evenly through the pepper purée with the remaining rock salt.
Add Walnut for Breakfast Acıka Finely ground walnut kernels are incorporated only when producing the protected breakfast version.

Jarring & Storage of Sakarya Abaza Acıkası

Once the mixture reaches a uniform texture, it is portioned into glass jars. The registered specification also gives clear guidance for refrigerated storage and consumption after opening.

Glass Jars

The prepared acıka is portioned into clean glass jars after mixing.

Walnut Added Before Filling

For breakfast acıka, finely ground walnut is mixed in before the jars are filled.

Invert After Closing

Filled jars are closed and traditionally turned upside down until they cool.

Store at 4–6°C

The protected specification calls for refrigerated storage in this temperature range.

Up to 1 Year

The registered specification states that unopened Sakarya Abaza Acıkası can be kept for up to one year under the stated conditions.

Use Within 1 Week After Opening

Once a jar has been opened, the protected specification advises consumption within one week.

What Does Sakarya Abaza Acıkası Taste Like?

The exact balance varies with the peppers and whether walnuts are included, but the protected recipe creates a layered savoury profile rather than a one-dimensional chilli paste. Pepper provides the main body, garlic adds depth, coriander contributes warm spice, and thyme and basil lift the aroma.

Cooked Pepper Sweetness

Long-cooked peppers provide a rounded vegetable sweetness beneath the seasoning.

Garlic Depth

The garlic is pounded before mixing, allowing its flavour to spread throughout the sauce.

Coriander Warmth

Ground coriander seed adds a fragrant, gently earthy spice character.

Herbal Finish

Thyme and basil give the mixture a recognisable aromatic lift.

Walnut Richness

Breakfast acıka has a fuller, nuttier body because of the finely ground walnut kernels.

Creamy Texture

Careful draining and grinding create a thick consistency that clings easily to bread.

How to Eat Sakarya Abaza Acıkası

Acıka is highly versatile. The walnut breakfast version is especially well suited to breads and shared breakfast tables, while the walnut-free version can be used in cooking when a concentrated pepper, garlic and herb flavour is desired.

Spread on Fresh Bread

A thin layer on village bread, sourdough or toasted bread is one of the simplest ways to appreciate the breakfast version.

Turkish Breakfast

Serve beside cheeses, olives, tomatoes, cucumbers, eggs and tea as part of a generous regional breakfast.

With Abaza Cheese

Pairing acıka with Sakarya Abkhaz (Abaza) Cheese creates a particularly meaningful Caucasian-themed tasting.

Meze-Style Plate

A small spoonful works well among other savoury spreads, vegetables and breads.

Cooking Base

The walnut-free version may be used as a concentrated flavouring in suitable savoury dishes.

Food Souvenir

A properly sealed and refrigerated jar can make an unusual regional food purchase for travellers able to maintain the cold chain.

Sakarya Abaza Acıkası & Abkhaz Cheese

For visitors interested in Sakarya’s Caucasian culinary heritage, one of the most interesting tastings is to compare Sakarya Abaza Acıkası with Sakarya Abkhaz (Abaza) Cheese. Both are protected products connected with the same broad cultural landscape, yet their flavours and textures are completely different.

Creamy & Firm

Acıka is smooth and spreadable, while mature Abkhaz cheese is dense, fibrous and elastic.

Pepper & Dairy

The savoury pepper and garlic notes contrast naturally with the cheese’s mild milk flavour.

Walnut Version

Breakfast acıka adds a nutty layer that works especially well on bread alongside sliced cheese.

Shared Heritage

Both foods provide a practical way to introduce visitors to Sakarya’s Abaza and Abkhaz culinary traditions.

Breakfast Table

Serve both with bread, fresh vegetables and tea for an accessible regional tasting.

Explore Both Pages

Read our separate guide to Sakarya Abkhaz (Abaza) Cheese for its protected method and cultural history.

How to Recognise & Buy Sakarya Abaza Acıkası

Visitors looking for the protected product should ask specifically for Sakarya Abaza Acıkası. The term “acıka” can be used more broadly for related pepper-and-walnut preparations, so the full registered name is the clearest way to distinguish the Sakarya geographical indication.

Use the Registered Name Ask for “Sakarya Abaza Acıkası” when speaking with a producer, delicatessen or regional food shop.
Look for the GI Marking The protected name and Mahreç İşareti emblem should be displayed according to the geographical-indication rules.
Ask Which Version It Is Breakfast acıka contains walnut; the cooking version does not.
Check the Consistency The product should be thick, creamy and spreadable rather than thin and watery.
Expect Red-to-Orange Colour Natural colour variation is normal because it depends on the salçalık peppers used.
Keep It Cold Plan suitable refrigeration if you are transporting the jar for more than a short local journey.

Best Time to Try Sakarya Abaza Acıkası

Spring

Enjoy acıka at breakfast before exploring Sakarya’s countryside, lakes and flowering rural landscapes.

Summer

The spread remains enjoyable, but refrigeration becomes especially important during hot-weather travel.

Autumn

Autumn is particularly meaningful because the product belongs to Sakarya’s traditional winter-preparation culture.

Winter

Rich breads, cheese and acıka make a satisfying cold-weather breakfast or shared indoor meal.

Available Beyond Harvest

Jarring and cold storage mean visitors may encounter the product outside the fresh-pepper season.

Food-Focused Visits

Advance arrangements can help travellers experience acıka in a broader Abaza culinary context rather than only as a retail purchase.

Sakarya Abaza Acıkası Visitor Tips

Ask for the Full Name

“Sakarya Abaza Acıkası” is the clearest phrase when you want the protected local product.

Choose Your Version

For bread and breakfast, ask for the walnut version; for cooking, the protected formula is walnut-free.

Check for Walnuts

Visitors with nut allergies should never assume all acıka is walnut-free.

Taste Before Adding More Salt

The registered recipe already includes a substantial amount of rock salt.

Try It with Local Cheese

Sakarya Abkhaz Cheese creates a natural companion tasting.

Use a Cooler Bag

For longer road journeys, insulated transport with suitable cooling helps maintain safe storage conditions.

Refrigerate After Opening

Keep the jar cold and follow the producer’s label instructions once opened.

Respect Cultural Context

Village homes and community events are not tourist attractions by default; choose invited, public or arranged experiences.

Abaza Acıkası and Sakarya Food Culture

Sakarya’s cuisine reflects the meeting of agricultural abundance, Black Sea traditions, Balkan and Caucasian migrations, Manav cooking, village preservation techniques and modern city life. Abaza Acıkası adds a strongly aromatic Caucasian element to this wider regional table.

Sakarya Abkhaz Cheese

A protected fibrous cheese that provides one of the most natural cultural pairings with Abaza Acıkası.

Adapazarı Islama Köftesi

Grilled meatballs with broth-moistened bread are among central Sakarya’s best-known protected foods.

Adapazarı Dartılı Keşkek

A hearty wheat-and-chicken dish finished with dartı represents another important local culinary tradition.

Adapazarı Kabak Tatlısı

The protected pumpkin dessert offers a sweet finish after savoury regional tastings.

Pamukova Walnut Paste

A protected confection that highlights another important use of walnuts in Sakarya food culture.

Kocaali Camdağı Chestnut Honey

Forest landscapes and beekeeping traditions shape this aromatic northern Sakarya speciality.

Frequently Asked Questions About Sakarya Abaza Acıkası

What is Sakarya Abaza Acıkası?

It is a protected Sakarya pepper-based sauce made with cooked salçalık peppers, rock salt, garlic, ground coriander seed, thyme and basil; the breakfast version also contains finely ground walnut.

Is Sakarya Abaza Acıkası geographically indicated?

Yes. It is officially registered as a geographical indication in Türkiye.

What is its geographical-indication registration number?

The registration number is 1544.

When was Sakarya Abaza Acıkası registered?

The registration date is 20 February 2024.

When was the GI application filed?

The application date is 24 January 2022.

What is the official application file number?

The file number is C2022/000029.

What type of geographical indication is it?

It is registered as a Mahreç İşareti.

Who holds the registration?

The registration holder is the Sakarya Chamber of Commerce and Industry.

What is the protected geographical boundary?

The protected geographical boundary is Sakarya Province.

What does Sakarya Abaza Acıkası look like?

It is a thick, creamy sauce whose colour may vary from red to orange depending on the salçalık peppers used.

What is the texture like?

The protected product has a creamy, homogeneous and relatively low-flowing texture that can be spread on bread.

Is it the same as pepper paste?

No. Pepper forms the base, but the protected recipe also includes garlic, coriander seed, basil, thyme and, in the breakfast version, walnut.

Does Sakarya Abaza Acıkası contain walnuts?

The breakfast version contains finely ground walnut kernels. The cooking version is produced without walnut.

How much walnut is used in the breakfast version?

The registered formula lists approximately 150 g of finely ground walnut kernels.

What peppers are used?

The protected specification uses salçalık pepper, botanically identified as Capsicum annuum.

Does it contain garlic?

Yes. The registered formula uses approximately 80–85 g of garlic.

Which herbs and spices are used?

Ground coriander seed, basil and thyme are used alongside garlic and rock salt.

Why are the peppers boiled?

Cooking softens the peppers and allows their skins to be removed before draining and puréeing.

How long are the peppers cooked?

After boiling begins, the protected method continues cooking for approximately 80–90 minutes, until the skins can be separated easily.

Why are the boiled peppers chilled overnight?

The registered method keeps the prepared peppers at approximately 4–6°C for one night before they are turned into purée.

How are the peppers traditionally crushed?

They can be worked between food-safe stones locally called ahaka and apıhnıga.

What is the ahaka?

The ahaka is the larger lower stone used as the crushing surface.

What is the apıhnıga?

The apıhnıga is the smaller oval hand-held stone used to crush the peppers against the ahaka.

How long does traditional stone grinding take?

The protected specification describes a traditional grinding period of approximately 100–120 minutes.

Is the breakfast version different from the cooking version?

Yes. The breakfast version contains walnut and uses a slightly higher quantity of rock salt; the cooking version contains no walnut.

How is Sakarya Abaza Acıkası packaged?

The prepared mixture is portioned into glass jars, which are closed and traditionally inverted while cooling.

How should Sakarya Abaza Acıkası be stored?

The protected specification calls for refrigerated storage at approximately 4–6°C.

How long can an unopened jar be stored?

The registered specification states that it may be stored for up to one year at 4–6°C under the stated conditions.

How quickly should I eat it after opening?

The protected specification advises consuming the product within one week after opening the jar.

How is Sakarya Abaza Acıkası eaten at breakfast?

The walnut version can be spread on bread and served alongside cheese, olives, vegetables, eggs and tea.

Can it be used in cooking?

Yes. The protected product includes a specific walnut-free cooking version intended for use as a savoury flavouring.

Is Sakarya Abaza Acıkası spicy?

Its dominant character is peppery, garlicky, salty and aromatic. Exact heat can vary with the peppers and producer, so visitors sensitive to chilli heat should ask before tasting.

Is it suitable for people with nut allergies?

The breakfast version contains walnut and is not suitable for people with walnut allergy. Always check the product label and production environment because recipes and cross-contact conditions matter.

Can I buy it as a travel souvenir?

Yes, but it is a refrigerated food. Maintain the cold chain during transport and check any food-import rules at your destination.

What should I eat with Sakarya Abaza Acıkası?

Fresh bread and Sakarya Abkhaz (Abaza) Cheese make an excellent regional pairing, especially at breakfast.

What other Sakarya foods should I try?

Sakarya Abkhaz Cheese, Adapazarı Islama Köftesi, Adapazarı Dartılı Keşkek, Adapazarı Kabak Tatlısı, Geyve Quince and Pamukova Walnut Paste are excellent additions to a regional food route.

Best Photos of Sakarya Abaza Acıkası

The strongest photographs communicate both the rich colour of the pepper mixture and the cultural story behind it: walnuts, herbs, traditional stone grinding, glass jars and a shared Caucasian-style breakfast table.

Acıka on Fresh Bread

Spread a small amount across rustic bread to make the creamy consistency and deep pepper colour immediately visible.

Open Jar Close-Up

Use soft natural side light to reveal the thick texture and red-to-orange tones.

Walnuts & Herbs

Place walnut kernels, garlic, thyme, basil and coriander near the jar to communicate the protected recipe visually.

Traditional Stone Grinding

If available in an authentic setting, photograph the ahaka and apıhnıga during pepper preparation.

Acıka & Abkhaz Cheese

Show the spread beside braided or sliced Sakarya Abkhaz Cheese to tell a wider Caucasian food story.

Regional Breakfast Table

Include bread, tea, vegetables, cheese and small serving dishes to place acıka in a natural Sakarya breakfast context.

Sakarya Food & Cultural Private Experiences

Combine Sakarya’s protected foods, Caucasian culinary heritage, countryside landscapes and regional communities on a private journey designed around your interests.

Private Sakarya Gastronomy Experiences

Custom-designed private journeys with flexible timing, private transportation and opportunities to discover protected sauces, regional cheese, local dishes, village traditions, lakes and food culture across Sakarya Province.